Studies of heavy ion collisions shed light on dense QCD systems and non-perturbative effects such as gluon saturation in nuclei, deconfinement and hadronization mechanism in medium. The LHCb collaboration has been developing a full heavy ion program studying dense QCD medium that utilizes both fixed-target and beam-beam collisions. Thanks to the forward instrumentation of the LHCb spectrometer, data taken with both collision configurations can probe unique kinematic regions at small and large Bjorken-x in detail. The precise vertexing and full particle identification allow a wide variety of hadron species to be reconstructed down to very low transverse momentum. The fixed-target configuration covers an unexplored energy range that lies between the SPS and the top RHIC energy.

We present new LHCb results from both beam-beam and fixed-target collisions, including nuclear modification at low Bjorken-x, heavy quark hadronization in small and large systems, charm production in fixed-target collisions and charmonium photoproduction in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions. We will also discuss recent LHCb upgrades and their impact on the heavy ion program.